The present research activity is an attempt to contribute to this endeavor. It addresses the question of how sustainability of agriculture could be assessed; the idea is then applied and analyzed in the case of a watershed in Costa Rica. A framework was developed to integrate agro-ecological and socioeconomic information in such a way that the sustainability of agriculture at the farm-household level and its impacts at the regional level could be estimated and options for its improvement could be analyzed. The results were expected to contribute empirical information regarding the impacts of current land use and agricultural practice in the watershed on sustainability and to relate experiences regarding the usefulness of the methodological approach being applied